Study of CEE Teaching Models in China

Through survey and analysis of factors influencing CEE, this article further explores six aspects of teaching methods and means of CEE, and constructs a teaching model for CEE.

• Engineers' careers. There are many paths in workers' career development. For example, Beijing Keeven Aviation Instrument Co., Ltd. designed three main paths for their employees' careers: First, workers upgrade with a college degree, develop technical capabilities. Second, there are five levels of technical development such as technician, technology leader, chief engineer, etc. Third, management develops to the executive level. There are crisscross relationships among the three paths.^[2]
   
• Enterprise development training system. Training systems are set up for enterprise development and different workers' needs, such as pre-job training of new staff, staff promotion or job rotation training, as well as adaptability training for older employees due to environmental change. Based on business development goals linked to engineering and technical personnel career development, we should design different training systems to ensure training of the corporate employees^[3].
   
• Teaching staff development. Training teachers can be divided into internal and external. Internal teachers include business leaders and staff with special knowledge and skills. External teachers are professional trainers or college instructors. Training teachers should master lecturing, curriculum development, student management, teaching materials and scientific research. This would be conducive to the whole process of training^[4]. University teachers need to understand the situation in the business world and the specific training needs. They should regularly participate in business project development and in-service staff training to keep up with technology development. Therefore, the industry-university-research combination is a better way of university teaching reform and educational development, and is the only way to develop CEE.
   
• Teaching resources development. Teaching resources include handouts, printed materials, audio-visual materials, computer-assisted teaching materials, CD-ROM, network information, network programs and other learning resources^[5]. Nowadays teaching resources of CEE are mainly printed materials, CD-ROM and network resources. Teaching resources are very important for learners, particularly with the application of modern educational technology. The resources can adapt to the diverse learning styles of different types of learners, adapt to the rapid development of the individual, and reduce the growth cycle of engineering and technical personnel.
   
• Teaching methods in use. Because CEE involves in-service adult learning, it has its own characteristics in teaching methods and means. In this survey on teaching methods, the operating-drilling method accounted for 52.8%, the special training method accounted for 20.7%, and the classroom teaching method accounted for 19.6%. The operating-drilling method is an essential method of engineering education, as it is an important means to develop new technologies. The special training method and classroom teaching method are also commonly used teaching methods. Self-directed learning is frequently used by most engineering and technical personnel, and is a better learning method.
   
• Teaching technical means of CEE. With the development of science and technology, teaching means have evolved over five stages: oral language, writing and books, printed materials, electronic audio-visual equipment and multimedia network technology. Modern teaching means changing personal learning tools and methods, turning the lifelong learning concept into reality. The survey shows that training organizations have two main forms that employees look forward to, face-to-face teaching accounting for 47.1%, and network learning accounting for 29.8%.

Based on the above discussion, an initial model for CEE was established[6] (Figure 1).

Figure 1. CEE teaching model